Frequency of Hypothyroidism Among Patients With Metabolic Syndrome Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54112/bcsrj.v6i4.2240Keywords:
Metabolic syndrome, hypothyroidism, Thyroid Stimulating Hormone, Serum triglycerideAbstract
Metabolic syndrome is a major public health problem and is associated with several endocrine abnormalities, including thyroid dysfunction. Hypothyroidism may worsen the metabolic profile and contribute to adverse cardiovascular risk in affected patients. Objective: To determine the frequency of hypothyroidism among patients with metabolic syndrome. Methods: This study was conducted on 198 patients aged 25 to 70 years, of both genders, presenting with metabolic syndrome in the Department of General Medicine, Mardan Medical Complex, Mardan, from 01-11-2024 to 01-02-2025. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed when any three of the following criteria were fulfilled, serum triglyceride ≥ 150 mg/dl (1.7 mmol/l), HDL cholesterol < 40 mg/dl in men, and < 50 mg/dl in women, blood pressure ≥ 130/85 mmHg, and fasting blood glucose > 110 mg/dl. Pregnant women, patients with cardiovascular disease, those on corticosteroids, and patients with active liver disease or renal dysfunction were excluded. Hypothyroidism was assessed in all patients, defined by the presence of fatigue, weight gain, cold intolerance, and constipation, along with a TSH level > 4.0 to 5.0 mIU/L. Data were analysed using SPSS 25. Post-stratification chi-square or Fisher's exact test was applied at a 5% significance level. Results: The study enrolled 198 patients with metabolic syndrome; their mean age was 49.73±13.31 years, and their mean BMI was 28.01±2.57 kg/m². Mean serum TSH level was 3.755±0.541 mIU/L Females were 111 (56.1%). Hypothyroidism was identified in 57 (28.8%) patients. A statistically significant association was observed between female gender and hypothyroidism (p=0.001). Conclusion: The frequency of hypothyroidism in patients with metabolic syndrome was 57 (28.8%). The female gender was significantly associated with hypothyroidism.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Komal Kour, Naveed Khan, Waleed Ahmed Khan, Syed Ali Abdullah Jan, Anwar Kamal, Fazali Rabbi
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