KNOWLEDGE ABOUT CERVICAL CANCER AND PAP SMEAR AND THE FACTORS INFLUENCING THE PAP TEST SCREENING AMONG SHAIKH ZAID WOMEN HOSPITAL

Abstract

Cervical cancer remains one of the most preventable types of cancer, with a strong link to persistent infection by certain high-risk strains of the Human Papillomavirus (HPV). Objective: The main objective of the study is to find knowledge about cervical cancer and pap smears and the factors influencing Pap test screening at Shaikh Zaid Women's Hospital. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Sheikh Zayed Women's Hospital Larkana OPD from January 2024 to June 2024. A total sample size of 250 women was selected using a convenient sampling technique. Patients aged 18 years and above who were willing to participate in the study and provided informed consent. Women who had undergone a hysterectomy or had a known history of cervical cancer were excluded from the study. Results: Data were collected from 250 patients. The demographic analysis revealed that the majority of participants were between the ages of 18-29 years (45%), followed by those aged 30-39 years (32%). Most women had secondary education (55%), with a smaller proportion having higher education (35%) or primary education (10%). The majority of participants were married (80%), and a significant number had an income level below the national median (70%). The screening-related data revealed that while 65% of participants had heard of the Pap smear test, only 40% had actually undergone it. Among those who had undergone a Pap smear, 60% had done so within the past year, 30% in the last 2-3 years, and 10% had waited more than 3 years. Conclusion: It is concluded that the uptake of Pap smear screening among women at Sheikh Zayed Women Hospital in Larkana is influenced by factors such as awareness, education, income, and emotional barriers. Despite general awareness of cervical cancer, significant barriers like fear, stigma, and financial constraints hinder participation.