ASSESSMENT OF HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT PROTEINS IN SELECTED INDIGENOUS BREAD WHEAT VARIETIES OF PAKISTAN

TN KHAN; K RASHID; M QAMAR; M SOHAIL; SH ABBAS; S WAQAR; A SHAKOOR; I HUSSAIN; M ARSHAD; M USMAN; H IQBAL; SG VASEER; MU KHALIL

doi:10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.818

Authors

TN KHAN Crop Sciences Research Institute, Wheat Program, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan
K RASHID 1Crop Sciences Research Institute, Wheat Program, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan
M QAMAR 1Crop Sciences Research Institute, Wheat Program, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan
M SOHAIL Plant Sciences Division, Pakistan Agricultural Research Council, Islamabad, Pakistan
SH ABBAS Crop Sciences Research Institute, Wheat Program, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan
S WAQAR Crop Sciences Research Institute, Wheat Program, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan
A SHAKOOR Crop Sciences Research Institute, Wheat Program, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan
I HUSSAIN Plant Sciences Division, Pakistan Agricultural Research Council, Islamabad, Pakistan
M ARSHAD Crop Sciences Research Institute, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan
M USMAN Mountain Agriculture Research Centre, Jaglote Gilgit Baltistan, Pakistan
H IQBAL Crop Sciences Research Institute, Wheat Program, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan
SG VASEER Crop Sciences Research Institute, Wheat Program, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan
MU KHALIL Crop Sciences Research Institute, Wheat Program, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.818

Keywords:

Storage protein, Protein, Bread wheat, Allelic variation, HMW-GS

Abstract

Higher molecular weight gluten subunits (HMW-GS) articulate variation in allelic frequency, reflecting a strong correlation with bread quality. In order to determine this quality trait, 23 different Pakistani indigenous wheat varieties were screened that may be used as selection criteria in a breeding program. For detecting variations in HMW-GS, sodium dodecyl sulfate acrylamide gel electrophoresis was used. In all, 77 Glu-1 were identified including 25 at Glu-A1, 26 at Glu-B1 and 26 at Glu-D1. Alleles at Glu-1 were 2* with a frequency of 53.3% and N with 60% frequency at Glu-A1, 6+8 with 60%, 17+18 with 45 % at Glu-B1 and 5+10 with 60% and 72% at Glu-D1. The highest frequency of subunits 20 and 5+10 were found at Glu-B1-e and Glu-D1 (a), followed by a frequency of 2* and Null at Glu-A1 (b, c), which is then followed by 2+12 at GluD-1 (a). The lowest frequency of 13+16, 17+18 and 6+8 were observed at Glu-B1 (f, i, d), respectively. Glu-A1, Glu-B1, and Glu-D1 alleles showed genetic index (i.e. 0.587, 0.54), (0.587. 0.065 and 0.48, 0.39, respectively) with an average of 0.55 and 0.37. The glu-D1 locus has a lower genetic index comparatively. The composition N, 20, 5+10 was found in maximum number (4) in Fakhr-e-Sarhad, Pasban, Pirsabak-2004 and Tatara genotypes, followed by the composition of 2*, 20, 2+12 in one check (Marvi-2000) and two varieties i.e. Chakwal-97 and Bakhtawar-92. The results describing the allelic frequency and composition of bread wheat would benefit further breeding plans for wheat to select good quality parameters.

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