COMPARATIVE BIOTECHNOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF IRON SUPPLEMENTATION MODALITIES FOR PREGNANCY-RELATED ANEMIA: INTRAVENOUS IRON SUCROSE VS. ORAL FERROUS FUMARATE AND SULFATE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.1037Keywords:
Pregnancy-Related Anemia,, Iron Supplementation,, Intravenous Iron Sucrose,, Biotechnological Evaluation,Abstract
Pregnancy-related anemia, primarily due to iron deficiency, poses significant risks to both maternal and fetal health. Objective: The primary objective of this study is to compare the biotechnological efficacy of intravenous iron sucrose, oral ferrous fumarate, and oral ferrous sulfate in treating pregnancy-related anemia. This condition poses significant risks to maternal and fetal health. Methods: This cross-sectional study at Shalamar Hospital, Lahore (January-December 2023), involved 270 pregnant women with iron deficiency anemia. These women were randomized into three groups (90 each) receiving intravenous iron sucrose, oral ferrous fumarate, or oral ferrous sulfate. Data collected through interviews, records, and lab tests assessed hemoglobin, ferritin, and CBC at baseline, 4, 8, and 12 weeks, along with adverse effects, treatment adherence, quality of life, and biomarkers. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS with ANOVA and Chi-square tests (p < 0.05). Results: The study included 270 pregnant women with iron deficiency anemia, divided into three groups of 90 receiving intravenous iron sucrose, oral ferrous fumarate, or oral ferrous sulfate. After 12 weeks, intravenous iron sucrose had the highest hemoglobin (13.90 g/dL) and serum ferritin (55.23 ng/mL) levels. It also showed superior iron bioavailability (92.04%), absorption rate (85.18 μg/min), and biochemical response (89.23). Additionally, it had the lowest oxidative stress markers and fewer side effects, with higher treatment satisfaction than the other groups. Conclusion: Intravenous iron sucrose demonstrated the highest effectiveness in treating pregnancy-related anemia, significantly improving hemoglobin levels and serum ferritin compared to oral ferrous fumarate and ferrous sulfate.
Downloads
References
Helmy ME, Elkhouly NI, Ghalab RA. Maternal anemia with pregnancy and its adverse effects. Menoufia Medical Journal. 2018;31(1):7-11.
Garzon S, Cacciato PM, Certelli C, Salvaggio C, Magliarditi M, Rizzo G. Iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy: Novel approaches for an old problem. Oman medical journal. 2020;35(5):e166.
Breymann C, editor Iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy. Seminars in hematology; 2015: Elsevier.
Di Renzo GC, Spano F, Giardina I, Brillo E, Clerici G, Roura LC. Iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy. Women’s Health. 2015;11(6):891-900.
Rogozińska E, Daru J, Nicolaides M, Amezcua-Prieto C, Robinson S, Wang R, et al. Iron preparations for women of reproductive age with iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy (FRIDA): a systematic review and network meta-analysis. The Lancet Haematology. 2021;8(7):e503-e12.
Iolascon A, Andolfo I, Russo R, Sanchez M, Busti F, Swinkels D, et al. Recommendations for diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia. HemaSphere. 2024;8(7):e108.
Macdougall IC, Comin-Colet J, Breymann C, Spahn DR, Koutroubakis IE. Iron sucrose: a wealth of experience in treating iron deficiency. Advances in therapy. 2020;37:1960-2002.
Shi Q, Leng W, Wazir R, Li J, Yao Q, Mi C, et al. Intravenous iron sucrose versus oral iron in the treatment of pregnancy with iron deficiency anaemia: a systematic review. Gynecologic and obstetric investigation. 2015;80(3):170-8.
Qassim A, Mol BW, Grivell RM, Grzeskowiak LE. Safety and efficacy of intravenous iron polymaltose, iron sucrose and ferric carboxymaltose in pregnancy: A systematic review. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 2018;58(1):22-39.
Berber I, Diri H, Erkurt MA, Aydogdu I, Kaya E, Kuku I. Evaluation of ferric and ferrous iron therapies in women with iron deficiency anaemia. Advances in hematology. 2014;2014(1):297057.
Ebea‐Ugwuanyi PO, Vidyasagar S, Connor JR, Frazer DM, Knutson MD, Collins JF. Oral iron therapy: Current concepts and future prospects for improving efficacy and outcomes. British Journal of Haematology. 2024;204(3):759-73.
Auerbach M, Gafter-Gvili A, Macdougall IC. Intravenous iron: a framework for changing the management of iron deficiency. The Lancet Haematology. 2020;7(4):e342-e50.
Shubham K, Anukiruthika T, Dutta S, Kashyap A, Moses JA, Anandharamakrishnan C. Iron deficiency anemia: A comprehensive review on iron absorption, bioavailability and emerging food fortification approaches. Trends in Food Science & Technology. 2020;99:58-75.
Bhavi SB, Jaju PB. Intravenous iron sucrose v/s oral ferrous fumarate for treatment of anemia in pregnancy. A randomized controlled trial. BMC pregnancy and childbirth. 2017;17:1-6.
Khalafallah A, Dennis A, Bates J, Bates G, Robertson I, Smith L, et al. A prospective randomized, controlled trial of intravenous versus oral iron for moderate iron deficiency anaemia of pregnancy. Journal of internal medicine. 2010;268(3):286-95.
Kassianides X, Allgar V, Macdougall IC, Kalra PA, Bhandari S. Analysis of oxidative stress, inflammation and endothelial function following intravenous iron in chronic kidney disease in the Iron and Heart Trial. Scientific Reports. 2022;12(1):6853.
Schaefer B, Meindl E, Wagner S, Tilg H, Zoller H. Intravenous iron supplementation therapy. Molecular aspects of medicine. 2020;75:100862.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 A ALI, R ALI, A IQBAL, S AKHTAR, W MUNIR, A HUSSAIN, Z MEHBOOB
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.