PREVALENCE OF GESTATIONAL DIABETES AND RELATED COMPLICATIONS IN DISTRICT SIALKOT

T ZAHRA; S ASHRAF; A AMJAD; S ZAINAB; S IQBAL; HAA KHARL; K AMJAD

doi:10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.808

Authors

T ZAHRA Department of zoology, University of Sialkot, Pakistan
S ASHRAF Department of zoology, University of Sialkot, Pakistan
A AMJAD Department of zoology, University of Sialkot, Pakistan
S ZAINAB Department of zoology, University of Sialkot, Pakistan
S IQBAL Department of Zoology, University of Narowal, Pakistan
HAA KHARL Department of pharmacy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan
K AMJAD Department of zoology, University of Sialkot, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.808

Keywords:

Gestational diabetes mellitus, Macrosoma, hypertension, Intra uterine fetal demise, preterm, Premature babies

Abstract

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a prevalent medical complication during pregnancy, associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Understanding the impact of GDM on pregnancy complications is essential for effective management and care. Objective: This study aimed to compare the incidence of various complications between pregnant women with and without GDM. Method: A total of 200 pregnant women were recruited from Govt. Sardar Begum Teaching Hospital Sialkot and Civil Hospital Sialkot. These patients were given 75 g oral glucose irrespective of the meals, and their plasma glucose was estimated at two h. Patients with plasma glucose values of 140 mg/dl were labelled GDM; the rest were the control or non-GDM groups. All GDM patients were followed up and treated with diet and insulin therapy till delivery to know maternal and fetal outcomes. Results: Among the enrolled pregnant women, 70 (35%) were diagnosed with GDM. Significant differences were observed between the Non-GDM and GDM groups in terms of Cesarean section delivery (23.8% vs 55.7%, P=0.001), hypertension (13.8% vs 74.3%, P=0.031), and preterm birth (17.7% vs 24.3%, P=0.001). However, no significant difference was found in the incidence of fetal abnormalities between the two groups (9.2% vs. 8.6%, P=0.012). Additionally, the risk of intrauterine fetal demise was comparable between the Non-GDM and GDM groups (10.0% vs. 11.4%, P=0.031). Conclusion: Pregnant women with GDM are at increased risk of Cesarean section delivery, hypertension, and preterm birth compared to those without GDM. However, the incidence of fetal abnormalities and intrauterine fetal demise does not significantly differ between the two groups. Early detection and management of GDM are crucial to minimise adverse pregnancy outcomes.

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