PREVALENCE AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF POST-THYROIDECTOMY HYPOCALCAEMIA

S NOORUDDIN; Z KHAN; A ALI; WF ALHUJAILI; SA BABEKIR; A SAEED

doi:10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.704

Authors

S NOORUDDIN Dr. Kaleemullah Health Foundation Hospital, Quetta Balochistan, Pakistan
Z KHAN Dr. Kaleemullah Health Foundation Hospital, Quetta Balochistan, Pakistan
A ALI 2School of Life Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, China/Technology Innovation Center for Computer Simulating and Information Processing of Bio-macromolecules of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110036, China/Engineering Laboratory for Molecular Simulation and Designing of Drug Molecules of Liaoning, Shenyang, 110036, China
WF ALHUJAILI 3Department of Biology, College of Science, Taibah University, Saudi Arabia
SA BABEKIR Department of Rehabilitation, College of Physical therapy & Rehabilitation, A1-Neelain University, Sudan
A SAEED Post graduate general Surgery Akhtar Saeed Trust Hospital Lahore, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.704

Keywords:

Post-Thyroidectomy Hypocalcemia, Pathophysiology, Serum Calcium Levels, Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)

Abstract

Post-thyroidectomy hypocalcemia is a recognised and potentially significant complication arising from the surgical removal of the thyroid gland. The study's main objective is to find the prevalence and pathophysiology of post-thyroidectomy hypocalcemia. This prospective observational study was conducted in Civil Hospital Quetta from June 2021 to July 2022. A total of 162 patients undergoing thyroidectomy for various indications, including thyroid cancer, hyperthyroidism, and goiter, were enrolled in the study. Before surgery, baseline data were gathered, including demographic information, medical history, and preoperative serum calcium and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels, from the 162 enrolled patients scheduled for thyroidectomy. Data were collected from 162 patients from both genders. The mean age of patients was 48.5 ± 8.2 years, with 70% female. The diagnoses included 40% with thyroid cancer, 30% with hyperthyroidism, and 30% with a large goiter. Preoperative serum calcium levels were 9.0 ± 0.5 mg/dL, parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels were 45 ± 9.80 pg/mL, and vitamin D levels were 25.5 ± 6.3 ng/mL. A history of hypocalcemia was noted in 5% of the participants. The mean serum calcium level was 9.0 mg/dL, with a standard deviation of 0.5. However, at 48 hours post-op, there was a decrease in the mean serum calcium level to 7.8 mg/dL, with a standard deviation of 0.7. It is concluded that the interaction between reduced serum calcium and parathyroid hormone levels highlights the immediate impact of surgery on calcium homeostasis.

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