ROLE OF VITAMIN-D SUPPLEMENTATION IN COVID-19 PATIENTS

Authors

  • M SALMAN Department of Pathology, Avicenna Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan
  • S ZAMAN Department of Pathology, Avicenna Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan
  • U AYMUN Department of Pathology, Avicenna Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan
  • S KHAWAR Department of Medicine, Gujranwala Teaching Hospital, Gujranwala, Pakistan
  • I KHAN Department of Medicine, Gulab Devi Hospital Lahore, Pakistan
  • A KARIM Department of Biochemistry, LUMHS Jamshoro Sindh, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54112/bcsrj.v2023i1.322

Keywords:

COVID19, Vitamin D3

Abstract

COVID-19 has become a global pandemic and has affected millions of people worldwide. While there is still much to learn about the virus, it is clear that individuals with weakened immune systems and pre-existing health conditions are at higher risk of severe illness and death. The study's main objective is to find the role of Vitamin-D supplementation in COVID-19 patients. The study included 300 COVID-19 patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital between January 2021 and May 2021. Using computer-generated randomization, participants were randomly assigned to either the intervention group or the control group. The intervention group received a daily dose of 4000 IU of Vitamin D3 for 14 days, while the control group received standard care without Vitamin D supplementation. Per hospital guidelines, all patients received standard medical treatment for COVID-19, including oxygen therapy, antiviral therapy, and corticosteroids. The study showed that Vitamin D supplementation significantly reduced the time to clinical improvement in COVID-19 patients. The median time to clinical improvement was 7 days in the intervention group, compared to 9 days in the control group (p <0.001). The intervention group also had a significantly shorter length of hospital stay, with a median of 9 days, compared to 11 days in the control group (p <0.001). In conclusion, vitamin D supplementation's role in treating COVID-19 patients is an area of active research and has generated considerable interest in the scientific community. The results of the available studies suggest that vitamin D supplementation may have potential benefits in reducing the risk of severe COVID-19 and improving clinical outcomes.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abioye, A. I., Bromage, S., and Fawzi, W. (2021). Effect of micronutrient supplements on influenza and other respiratory tract infections among adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ global health 6, e003176.

Annweiler, G., Corvaisier, M., Gautier, J., Dubée, V., Legrand, E., Sacco, G., and Annweiler, C. (2020). Vitamin D supplementation associated to better survival in hospitalized frail elderly COVID-19 patients: The GERIA-COVID quasi-experimental study. Nutrients 12 (11), 3377.

Argano, C., Mallaci Bocchio, R., Natoli, G., Scibetta, S., Lo Monaco, M., and Corrao, S. (2023). Protective Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on COVID-19-Related Intensive Care Hospitalization and Mortality: Definitive Evidence from Meta-Analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis. Pharmaceuticals 16, 130.

Azkur, A. K., Akdis, M., Azkur, D., Sokolowska, M., van de Veen, W., Brüggen, M. C., O’Mahony, L., Gao, Y., Nadeau, K., and Akdis, C. A. (2020). Immune response to SARS‐CoV‐2 and mechanisms of immunopathological changes in COVID‐19. Allergy 75, 1564-1581.

Castillo, M. E., Costa, L. M. E., Barrios, J. M. V., Díaz, J. F. A., Miranda, J. L., Bouillon, R., and Gomez, J. M. Q. (2020). Effect of calcifediol treatment and best available therapy versus best available therapy on intensive care unit admission and mortality among patients hospitalized for COVID-19: A pilot randomized clinical study. The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology 203, 105751.

Corrao, S., Gervasi, F., Di Bernardo, F., and Argano, C. (2021a). Immune Response Failure in Paucisymptomatic Long-Standing SARS-CoV-2 Spreaders. Clinics and Practice 11, 151-161.

Corrao, S., Gervasi, F., Di Bernardo, F., Natoli, G., Raspanti, M., Catalano, N., and Argano, C. (2021b). Immunological Characteristics of Non-Intensive Care Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: A Preliminary Report. Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, 849.

Giordano, N., Goracci, A., and Fagiolini, A. (2017). Depression and vitamin D deficiency: Causality, assessment, and clinical practice implications. Neuropsychiatry 7, 606–614.

Grant, W., Lahore, H., McDonnell, S., Baggerly, C., French, C., Aliano, J., and Bhattoa, H. (2020). Evidence that vitamin D supplementation could reduce risk of influenza and COVID-19 infections and deaths. Nutrients. 2020; 12 (4): 988. External Resources Crossref (DOI).

Jolliffe, D. A., Camargo, C. A., Sluyter, J. D., Aglipay, M., Aloia, J. F., Ganmaa, D., Bergman, P., Bischoff-Ferrari, H. A., Borzutzky, A., and Damsgaard, C. T. (2021). Vitamin D supplementation to prevent acute respiratory infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis of aggregate data from randomised controlled trials. The lancet Diabetes & endocrinology 9, 276-292.

Kim, D.-H., Meza, C. A., Clarke, H., Kim, J.-S., and Hickner, R. C. (2020). Vitamin D and endothelial function. Nutrients 12, 575.

Kumar, V., Dhanjal, J. K., Kaul, S. C., Wadhwa, R., and Sundar, D. (2021). Withanone and caffeic acid phenethyl ester are predicted to interact with main protease (Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2 and inhibit its activity. Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics 39, 3842-3854.

Murai, I. H., Fernandes, A. L., Sales, L. P., Pinto, A. J., Goessler, K. F., Duran, C. S., Silva, C. B., Franco, A. S., Macedo, M. B., and Dalmolin, H. H. (2021). Effect of a single high dose of vitamin D3 on hospital length of stay in patients with moderate to severe COVID-19: a randomized clinical trial. Jama 325, 1053-1060.

Nile, S. H., Nile, A., Qiu, J., Li, L., Jia, X., and Kai, G. (2020). COVID-19: Pathogenesis, cytokine storm and therapeutic potential of interferons. Cytokine & growth factor reviews 53, 66-70.

Rao, S., Lau, A., and So, H.-C. (2020). Exploring diseases/traits and blood proteins causally related to expression of ACE2, the putative receptor of SARS-CoV-2: a Mendelian randomization analysis highlights tentative relevance of diabetes-related traits. Diabetes care 43, 1416-1426.

Rastogi, A., Bhansali, A., Khare, N., Suri, V., Yaddanapudi, N., Sachdeva, N., Puri, G., and Malhotra, P. (2022). Short term, high-dose vitamin D supplementation for COVID-19 disease: a randomised, placebo-controlled, study (SHADE study). Postgraduate medical journal 98, 87-90.

Tomaszewska, A., Rustecka, A., Lipińska-Opałka, A., Piprek, R. P., Kloc, M., Kalicki, B., and Kubiak, J. Z. (2022). The role of vitamin D in COVID-19 and the impact of pandemic restrictions on vitamin D blood content. Frontiers in pharmacology 13.

Xu, Z., Shi, L., Wang, Y., Zhang, J., Huang, L., Zhang, C., Liu, S., Zhao, P., Liu, H., and Zhu, L. (2020). Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome. The Lancet respiratory medicine 8, 420-422.

Zaim, S., Chong, J. H., Sankaranarayanan, V., and Harky, A. (2020). COVID-19 and multiorgan response. Current problems in cardiology 45, 100618.

Zhou, Y., Fu, B., Zheng, X., Wang, D., Zhao, C., and Qi, Y. Pathogenic T cells and inflammatory monocytes incite inflammatory storm in severe COVID-19 patients. Natl Sci Rev. 2020c.

Downloads

Published

2023-06-16

How to Cite

SALMAN, M., ZAMAN , S., AYMUN, U., KHAWAR , S., KHAN, I., & KARIM, A. (2023). ROLE OF VITAMIN-D SUPPLEMENTATION IN COVID-19 PATIENTS. Biological and Clinical Sciences Research Journal, 2023(1), 322. https://doi.org/10.54112/bcsrj.v2023i1.322