MATERNAL AND PERINATAL OUTCOMES OF EARLY TRIMESTER BLEEDING

KF PERVAIZ; Q QAZI; KM SHAHEER; N KHAN; H KHAN; S WAHAB; N SHEHBAZ

doi:10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.1156

Authors

KF PERVAIZ Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar, Pakistan
Q QAZI Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar, Pakistan
KM SHAHEER Peshawar Medical College Peshawar, Pakistan
N KHAN Khyber Medical College Peshawar, Pakistan
H KHAN Peshawar Medical College Peshawar, Pakistan
S WAHAB Department of Gynae And Obstetrics, Peshawar Medical College Peshawar, Pakistan
N SHEHBAZ Department of Obstetrics And Gyne, Women And Children Type C Hospital Karak, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.1156

Keywords:

First Trimester Pregnancy, Maternal Outcome, Perinatal Outcome, Placental Diseases, Vaginal Bleeding

Abstract

Bleeding per vagina is one of the most everyday presentations in the first trimester, with an incidence of 15- 25%. These pregnancies end up in pregnancy loss and multiple poor feto-maternal outcomes requiring early registration and treatment. Objectives: To evaluate for maternal perinatal outcomes in normal intrauterine pregnancies complicated by first-trimester vaginal bleeding Methods: This cohort study was conducted at the Gynecology and Obstetrics department of Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar from January 2024 till the required sample size is obtained in May 2024. Data were collected from 195 pregnant females. Women were divided into two groups. All pregnant women with singleton pregnancy and with or without vaginal bleeding during the first trimester, defined as up to the first 12 weeks of pregnancy, both delivering at our institute, were selected. Results: Miscarriage rates were notably higher in the exposed group (20.4% vs. 10.3%, OR 3.5, p=0.02), as were preterm births (22.4% vs. 15.5%, OR 2.8, p=0.01) and placental complications (12.2% vs. 5.2%, OR 4.2, p=0.03). The exposed group also had higher rates of postpartum hemorrhage (14.3% vs. 10.3%, OR 2.2, p=0.01), though cesarean section rates were similar between groups (30.6% vs. 30.9%, OR 2.0, p=0.15). Conclusion: It is concluded that early trimester bleeding is associated with an increased risk of adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes, including miscarriage, preterm birth, placental complications, and low birth weight.

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