MORPHOLOGICAL EVOLUTION, CLASSIFICATION AND PHYLOGENETIC OF DIFFERENCE SPECIES OF GENUS EUPHORBIA (EUPHORBIACEA)-A REVIEW

SA KHAN; A ZAHRA; S MALIK; A RAZA; F SALEEM; U ASLAM; A ASGHAR; M SAJJAD; A AMEER; M MARYAM; I SAEED; A SHAHEEN; A BIBI

doi:10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.1110

Authors

SA KHAN Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Punjab, Pakistan.
A ZAHRA Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Punjab, Pakistan.
S MALIK Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Punjab, Pakistan.
A RAZA Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Punjab, Pakistan
F SALEEM Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Punjab, Pakistan
U ASLAM Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Punjab, Pakistan
A ASGHAR Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Punjab, Pakistan
M SAJJAD Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Punjab, Pakistan
A AMEER School of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Henan University Kaifeng China
M MARYAM Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Punjab, Pakistan
I SAEED Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Bahhaudin Zakariya University Multan, 60000 Punjab, Pakistan
A SHAHEEN Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Punjab, Pakistan
A BIBI Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Punjab, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.1110

Keywords:

Euphorbia, Morphological Evolution, Phylogenetic, Species Classification

Abstract

The present review paper focuses on the morphology, taxonomic categorization, and phylogenetic positioning of ten chosen species of Euphorbia, a large genus of the family Euphorbiaceae containing over 2000 species. The study starts with a general introduction to the genus, highlighting the importance of knowing the morphological variation and evolution in the group. A comparison of critical morphological features such as the type of leaf margining, structure of inflorescence, and presence of latex is made to understand the role of such traits in several species. The classification provides a detailed taxonomic breakdown of the ten species selected for review, pointing out the distinguishing character of each species. Evolutionary history within the genus is discussed phylogenetically using one or more molecular markers. The discussion brings together the conclusions from comparing the morphological characteristics of the studied species and the results of the analysis of their phylogenetic relationships concerning the problems of systematics and conservation. The research paper concludes by highlighting the significant findings and recommending further research on Euphorbia species employing diverse research methods.

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