PATTERN OF CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE IN CHILDREN IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

U SYED; F IKRAM; S NAWAZ; R NAWAZ; . SANA; S ZAMIR

doi:10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.689

Authors

U SYED Department of Paediatrics, Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
F IKRAM Department of Paediatrics, Gastroenterologist and Hepatologist, Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
S NAWAZ Department of Paediatrics, Combined Military Hospital, Gujranwala, Pakistan
R NAWAZ Department of Paediatrics, Gastroenterologist and Hepatologist, Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
. SANA Department of Paediatrics, Combined Military Hospital, Gujranwala, Pakistan
S ZAMIR Departmemt of Paediatrics, Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.689

Keywords:

Causative Aetiologies, Children, Chronic Liver Disease, Signs and Symptoms

Abstract

The study aimed to identify the different signs, symptoms, and causes of chronic liver disease in children. The study involved patients between the ages of 1 and 12 years who were suspected of having chronic liver disease, excluding those with acute liver disease, congenital anomalies, and liver transplant recipients. The study was conducted in the Department of Pediatrics at Pak Emirates Military Hospital in Rawalpindi from September 2023 to December 2023. The results of the study showed that the most common causes of chronic liver disease in the patients were progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis, followed by glycogen storage diseases, Hepatitis C, Wilson's disease, and Hepatitis B. Jaundice, abdominal distension, peripheral swelling, ascites, hepatomegaly, and splenomegaly were the most common symptoms of chronic liver disease. Some patients also suffered from variceal bleeding and hepatic encephalopathy. In conclusion, the study found that chronic liver disease in children from Pakistan has a diverse range of causes and symptoms.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Ahmed, S., Ayub, M., Naeem, M., Nazir, F. H., Hussain, A., Ghilzai, D., Magnius, L. O., Sajjad, A., and Norder, H. (2021). Thalassemia patients from baluchistan in Pakistan are infected with multiple hepatitis B or C virus strains. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 104, 1569.

Butt, A. S. (2015). Epidemiology of viral hepatitis and liver diseases in Pakistan. Euroasian journal of hepato-gastroenterology 5, 43.

Dehghani, S., Gholami, S., Bahador, A., Nikeghbalian, S., Salahi, H., Imanieh, M., Haghighat, M., Davari, H., Mehrabani, D., and Malek‐Hosseini, S. (2007). Morbidity and mortality of children with chronic liver diseases who were listed for liver transplantation in Iran. Pediatric transplantation 11, 21-23.

Della Corte, C., Mosca, A., Vania, A., Alterio, A., Alisi, A., and Nobili, V. (2016). Pediatric liver diseases: current challenges and future perspectives. Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology 10, 255-265.

Dhole, S. D., Kher, A. S., Ghildiyal, R. G., and Tambse, M. P. (2015). Chronic liver diseases in children: clinical profile and histology. Journal of clinical and diagnostic research: JCDR 9, SC04.

Fang, Y., Yu, J., Lou, J., Peng, K., Zhao, H., and Chen, J. (2021). Clinical and genetic spectra of inherited liver disease in children in China. Frontiers in Pediatrics 9, 631620.

Gkamprela, E., Deutsch, M., and Pectasides, D. (2017). Iron deficiency anemia in chronic liver disease: etiopathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment. Annals of gastroenterology 30, 405.

Hanif, M., Raza, J., Qureshi, H., and Issani, Z. (2004). Etiology of chronic liver disease in children. JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association 54, 119-122.

Matarazzo, L., Nastasio, S., Sciveres, M., and Maggiore, G. (2022). Pregnancy outcome in women with childhood onset autoimmune hepatitis and autoimmune sclerosing cholangitis on long-term immunosuppressive treatment. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology 268, 7-11.

Moon, A. M., Singal, A. G., and Tapper, E. B. (2020). Contemporary epidemiology of chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 18, 2650-2666.

Pinto, R. B., Schneider, A. C. R., and da Silveira, T. R. (2015). Cirrhosis in children and adolescents: An overview. World journal of hepatology 7, 392.

Poudel, S. C., Acharya, A., Maharjan, S., Saroj, G., Shrestha, R., Thapa, S., and Poudel, S. (2023). Chronic Liver Disease among Patients Admitted in the Department of Internal Medicine of a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study. JNMA: Journal of the Nepal Medical Association 61, 212.

Rubin, J. B., Sundaram, V., and Lai, J. C. (2020). Gender differences among patients hospitalized with cirrhosis in the United States. Journal of clinical gastroenterology 54, 83.

Sagnelli, E., Stroffolini, T., Sagnelli, C., Pirisi, M., Babudieri, S., Colloredo, G., Russello, M., Coppola, N., Gaeta, G. B., and Cacopardo, B. (2018). Gender differences in chronic liver diseases in two cohorts of 2001 and 2014 in Italy. Infection 46, 93-101.

Sardar Sr, A., Parkash, A., Merchant, A. A., Qamar, B., Ayub, F., Zehravi, S., and Merchant, A. (2022). Etiology in Children Presented With Chronic Liver Disease in a Tertiary Care Hospital. Cureus 14.

Shimizu, I., and Ito, S. (2007). Protection of estrogens against the progression of chronic liver disease. Hepatology Research 37, 239-247.

Tahir, A., Malik, F. R., Ahmad, I., Krishin, J., and Akhtar, P. (2011). Aetiological factors of chronic liver disease in children. Journal of Ayub Medical College Abbottabad 23, 12-14.

Zahoor, S., Khan, A., Asif, S., Tabraiz, S. A., Mustafa, H., Ansar, S., Hanif, S., Raza, H. A., and Asif Sr, S. (2021). Past and future perspectives for hepatitis B and C in Pakistan. Cureus 13.