TO DETERMINE THE LEVELS OF GOOD CHOLESTEROL-HDL IN THE PATIENTS HAVING ISCHEMIC STROKE AND DISEASE OUTCOME IN NEXT 2 WEEKS

M AHMED; T AROOJ; R SEHAR; Y SADIQ; H SHABBIR; ZL BAIG

doi:10.54112/bcsrj.v2023i1.383

Authors

M AHMED Department of Medicine, DHQ Teaching Hospital Mirpur AJK, Pakistan
T AROOJ Department of Botany, GC University Lahore, Pakistan
R SEHAR Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS) Islamabad, Pakistan
Y SADIQ Department of Community Medicine, Islam Medical College Sialkot, Pakistan
H SHABBIR Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology -PGMI Lahore, Pakistan
ZL BAIG Divisional Headquarters Teaching Hospital Mirpur AJK

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54112/bcsrj.v2023i1.383

Keywords:

stroke, HDL-C, dyslipidemia

Abstract

To know about the levels of good cholesterol-HDL in ischemic stroke patients and disease outcomes in the next 2 weeks. This study was carried out from July 2021 to Jan 2022 at the Department of Medicine Divisional Teaching Hospital Mir Pur Azad Jammu and Kashmir. Inclusion criteria were any patient aged between > 20 years old, both males and females admitted with sudden onset of focal neurological deficit. They diagnosed the CT brain as an ischemic stroke less than 24 hours old.HDL-C levels immediately after admission before starting aspirin and statins. The patient’s functional outcome was assessed by using the ADL scale at 2 weeks. The data collected was evaluated on SPSS. A total of 150 patients were included in the study. The mean age of patients was 60.16 + 1.35 years. There were 85 (68%) males and 40 (32%) females. One hundred-five patients (84%) had serum HDL-C levels less than the appropriate range, and 20 (16%) had serum HDL-C levels within the appropriate range. Patients with high HDL-C levels show statistically significant better functional outcomes (p-value 0.001). We conclude that high serum HDL-C levels are strongly associated with better functional outcomes 2 weeks after stroke, and patients with high HDL-C levels are at reduced risk of developing stroke.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Basri, R., Issrani, R., Gan, S.H., Prabhu, N., and Alam, M.K. (2021). Burden of stroke in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A soaring epidemic. Saudi Pharm J. 29(3), 264-8.

Cho, K.H. (2022). The current status of research on high-density lipoproteins (HDL): a paradigm shift from HDL quantity to HDL quality and HDL functionality. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 23(7), 3967.

Deng, Q.W., Li, S., Wang, H., Lei, L., Zhang, H.Q., Gu, Z.T., Xing, F.L., and Yan, F.L. (2018). The short-term prognostic value of the triglyceride-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio in acute ischemic stroke. Aging Dis. 9(3), 498.

Deng, Q.W., Li, S., Wang, H., Lei, L., Zhang, H.Q., Gu, Z.T., Xing, F.L., and Yan, F.L. (2018). The short-term prognostic value of the triglyceride-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio in acute ischemic stroke. Aging Dis. 9(3), 498-511.

Dias, E.N., Da-Silva, J.V., Pais-Ribeiro, J.L., and Martins, T. (2019). Validation of the advanced activities of daily living scale. Geriatr. Nurs. 40(1), 7-12.

Ginsberg, H.N., Packard, C.J., Chapman, M.J., Borén, J., Aguilar-Salinas, C.A., Averna, M., Ference, B.A., Gaudet. D., Hegele, R.A., Kersten, S., and Lewis, G.F. (2021). Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and their remnants: metabolic insights, role in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, and emerging therapeutic strategies—a consensus statement from the European Atherosclerosis Society. Eur. Heart J. 42(47), 4791-806.

Gopinath, V., Shamsitha, M.K., Penarveettil, N.V., Seena, P., Uppu, R.M., and Raghavamenon, A. (2021). Thermally oxidized coconut oil as fat source in high-fat diet induces hepatic fibrosis in diabetic rat model. Cell Biochem. Biophys. 79(3), 629-39.

Hoshino, T., Ishizuka, K., Toi, S., Mizuno, T., Nishimura, A., Takahashi, S., Wako, S., and Kitagawa, K. (2022). Atherogenic dyslipidemia and residual vascular risk after stroke or transient ischemic attack. Stroke. 53(1), 79-86.

Jacob, M.A., Ekker, M.S., Allach, Y., Cai, M., Aarnio, K., Arauz, A., Arnold, M., Bae, H.J., Bandeo, L., Barboza, M.A., and Bolognese, M. (2022). Global differences in risk factors, etiology, and outcome of ischemic stroke in young adults—a worldwide meta-analysis: the GOAL initiative. Neurology 98(6), e573-88.

Kainz, A., Meisinger, C., Linseisen, J., Kirchberger, I., Zickler, P., Naumann, M., and Ertl, M. (2021). Changes of health-related quality of life within the 1st year after stroke–results from a prospective stroke cohort study. Front. Neurol. 12, 715313.

Kurth, T., Everett, B.M., Buring, J.E., Kase, C.S., Ridker, P.M., and Gaziano, J.M. (2007). Lipid levels and the risk of ischemic stroke in women. Neurology. 68(8), 556-62.

Markaki, I., Nilsson, U., Kostulas, K., and Sjöstrand, C. (2014). High cholesterol levels are associated with improved long-term survival after acute ischemic stroke. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 23(1), e47-53.

Mortensen, M.B., and Nordestgaard, B.G. (2020). 2019 vs. 2016 ESC/EAS statin guidelines for primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. . Eur. Heart J. 41(31), 3005-15.

Pan, S.L., Lien, I.N., and Chen, T.H. (2010). Is higher serum total cholesterol level associated with better long-term functional outcomes after noncardioembolic ischemic stroke?. Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. 91(6), 913-8.

Rana, J.S., Liu, J.Y., Moffet, H.H., Solomon, M.D., Go, A.S., Jaffe, M.G., and Karter, A.J. (2015). Metabolic dyslipidemia and risk of coronary heart disease in 28,318 adults with diabetes mellitus and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol< 100 mg/dl. Am. J. Card. 116(11), 1700-4.

Rizzo, A.C., Giussani, G., and Agostoni, E.C. (2022). Ischemic stroke and vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia following COVID-19 vaccine: a case report with systematic review of the literature. Cerebrovasc. Dis. 51(6), 722-34.

Ryu, W.S., Schellingerhout, D., Jeong, S.W., Nahrendorf, M., and Kim, D.E. (2016). Association between serum lipid profiles and early neurological deterioration in acute ischemic stroke. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 25(8), 2024-30.

Vauthey, C.D., De-Freitas, G.R., Van-Melle, G., Devuyst, G., and Bogousslavsky, J. (2000). Better outcome after stroke with higher serum cholesterol levels. Neurology. 54(10), 1944-9.

Xiong, Y., Song, J., Huang, X., Pan, Z., Goldbrunner, R., Stavrinou, L., Lin, S., Hu, W., Zheng, F., and Stavrinou, P. (2022). Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells: novel effects in the treatment of ischemic stroke. Front. Neurosci. 16, 899887.

Yang, C., Xin, J.Y., Liu, Z.L., Fan, F., Li, Y.M., Jin, F., Wang, Q.S., Guo, F.Q., Yu, N.W., Le, W.D., and Xiang, Y. (2022). Association between serum C1q Tumor Necrosis Factor-Related Protein 9 and the clinical characteristics and prognosis of ischemic stroke. NeurolTher. 12, 1-5.

Zhao, P., Liu, S., Zhong, Z., and Liu, J. (2018). Age-and sex-related difference of lipid profile in patients with ischemic stroke in China. Medicine. 97(23), 23-41.