KAP Analysis of Nurses Regarding Biochemical Waste Management at Nishtar Hospital, Multan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54112/bcsrj.v6i2.1596Keywords:
Biochemical, Knowledge, Nurses, NursingAbstract
Effective management of biochemical waste is crucial in preventing hospital-acquired infections and ensuring environmental safety. Nurses play a central role in this process, yet gaps in knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) may hinder safe waste disposal. Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding biochemical waste management among nurses in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in the Nursing Department of Nishtar Hospital, Multan, from January 2024 to January 2025. A total of 200 permanently employed nurses were selected using non-probability sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire consisting of 13 knowledge items, 28 attitude items, and 24 practice items. Demographic data included age, gender, job experience, designation, marital status, and departmental assignment. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25, with associations evaluated using Chi-square tests and p ≤ 0.05 considered significant. Results: Half of the participants (50%) demonstrated unsatisfactory knowledge regarding biochemical waste management, and 90% reported no prior education or training on the topic. Unfavorable attitudes were found in 82% of nurses, and 50% showed poor practices. Nurses aged 30–45 years were more likely to have satisfactory knowledge (80%, p = 0.001). Higher knowledge scores were also observed among nurses in the emergency department (73%, p = 0.03) and maternity ward (90%, p = 0.001). Nurses with over 10 years of experience showed significantly better knowledge (75%) compared to those with less experience (44%). Conclusion: This study revealed a significant deficiency in knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to biochemical waste management among nurses. Targeted training and continuous education programs are crucial for enhancing compliance and maintaining safe healthcare environments.
Downloads
References
Thirunavukkarasu A, Al-Hazmi AH, Dar UF, Alruwaili AM, Alsharari SD, Alazmi FA, et al. Knowledge, attitude and practice towards bio-medical waste management among healthcare workers: a northern Saudi study. PeerJ. 2022;10:e13773.
Mannocci A, di Bella O, Barbato D, Castellani F, La Torre G, De Giusti M, et al. Assessing knowledge, attitude, and practice of healthcare personnel regarding biomedical waste management: a systematic review of available tools. Waste Management & Research. 2020;38(7):717-725.
Dalui A, Banerjee S, Roy R. Assessment of knowledge, attitude, and practice about biomedical waste management among healthcare workers during COVID-19 pandemic in a health district of West Bengal. Indian journal of public health. 2021;65(4):345-351.
Mohan DR, Prasad MV, Kumar K. Impact of training on bio medical waste management–A study and analysis. EXCEL international journal of multidisciplinary management studies. 2012;2(6):69-80.
Rao D, Dhakshaini M, Kurthukoti A, Doddawad VG. Biomedical waste management: A study on assessment of knowledge, attitude and practices among health care professionals in a tertiary care teaching hospital. Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal. 2018;11(3):1737-1743.
Perumal S, Aljefri AH, Alsaifi RH, editors. Analyzing the Interactions Among the Barriers for Safe and Effective Medical Waste Management. 2021 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM); 2021: IEEE.
Sonkar GK, Singh S, Sonkar SK. Biomedical Waste: Impact on Environment and Its Management in Health Care Facilities. Current Research Trends and Applications in Waste Management: Springer; 2023. p. 139-159.
Woromogo SH, Djeukang GG, Yagata Moussa FE, Saba Antaon JS, Kort KN, Tebeu PM. Assessing Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Healthcare Workers regarding Biomedical Waste Management at Biyem‐Assi District Hospital, Yaounde: A Cross‐Sectional Analytical Study. Advances in public health. 2020;2020(1):2874064.
Akkajit P, Romin H, Assawadithalerd M. Assessment of knowledge, attitude, and practice in respect of medical waste management among healthcare workers in clinics. Journal of environmental and public health. 2020;2020(1):8745472.
Singh S, Dhillon BS, Shrivastava A, Kumar B, Bhattacharya S. Effectiveness of a training program about bio-medical waste management on the knowledge and practices of health-care professionals at a tertiary care teaching institute of North India. Journal of Education and Health Promotion. 2020;9(1):127.
Jalal SM, Akhter F, Abdelhafez AI, Alrajeh AM, editors. Assessment of knowledge, practice and attitude about biomedical waste management among healthcare professionals during COVID-19 crises in Al-Ahsa. Healthcare; 2021: MDPI.
Shekoohiyan S, Parsaee F, Ghayour S. Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice about biomedical waste management among healthcare staff of Fasa educational hospitals in COVID-19 pandemic. Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering. 2022;6:100207.
Mitiku G, Admasie A, Birara A, Yalew W. Biomedical waste management practices and associated factors among health care workers in the era of the covid-19 pandemic at metropolitan city private hospitals, Amhara region, Ethiopia, 2020. PloS one. 2022;17(4):e0266037.
Letho Z, Yangdon T, Lhamo C, Limbu CB, Yoezer S, Jamtsho T, et al. Awareness and practice of medical waste management among healthcare providers in National Referral Hospital. PloS one. 2021;16(1):e0243817.
Motlatla M, Maluleke TX. Assessment of knowledge about healthcare risk waste management at a tertiary hospital in the northern cape province, South Africa. International journal of environmental research and public health. 2021;18(2):449.
Marubini M. Practices of nurses on medical waste segregation at selected health care facilities in Sekhukhune District, Limpopo Province. 2021.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Misbah Anjum, Shagufta Majeed, Moona Zubairy

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.