COMPARISON OF POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME WITH JUNK FOOD CONSUMPTION IN WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE IN DISTRICT SIALKOT, PAKISTAN

Abstract

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age, often associated with metabolic and reproductive complications. Junk food consumption has been linked to worsening PCOS symptoms. Limited data from Pakistan exists on this correlation. A study in District Sialkot aims to explore this association. Objective: To explore the correlation between junk food consumption and the prevalence and severity of PCOS symptoms among women of reproductive age in District Sialkot, Pakistan. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Allama Iqbal Memorial Hospital, Sialkot, from April to May 2024. A total of 80 women aged 18-45 were enrolled, including 40 women diagnosed with PCOS and 40 women without PCOS (control group). Data were collected using a structured questionnaire covering demographic details, medical history, dietary habits, and PCOS-related symptoms. Statistical analysis was performed using chi-square tests and t-tests, with a significance level of p < 0.05. Results: The prevalence of regular junk food consumption was significantly higher in the PCOS group (65%) compared to the control group (5%) (p < 0.001). Women with PCOS who consumed junk food frequently exhibited more severe symptoms, including irregular menstrual cycles (85.7%), hormonal imbalance (78.6%), acne (75%), and hirsutism (67.9%), compared to non-junk food consumers (p < 0.001). Obesity was also more prevalent among the PCOS group (50%) than the control group (30%), though the association between BMI and PCOS was not statistically significant (p = 0.11). Conclusion: This study establishes a significant correlation between junk food consumption and the severity of PCOS symptoms among women in District Sialkot. The findings highlight the need for dietary interventions to mitigate the health burden of PCOS. Further research should explore the role of comprehensive lifestyle modifications, including diet and physical activity, in managing PCOS.