EVALUATION OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE PATTERNS IN PRIMARY HEALTHCARE SETTINGS

M HAKIMI; SS MAHESSAR; Q ULLAH; ET BHATTY; A ILYAS; S SHAHID; F ASIM

doi:10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.902

Authors

M HAKIMI Department Clinical of Stomatology, University Bayazid Rokhan Institute of Higher Education Kabul, Afghanistan
SS MAHESSAR Sehat Hospital Hyderabad. Pakistan
Q ULLAH Department Emergency and Trauma General Medicine Khalifa Gul Nawaz Hospital MTI Bannu (KGNTH MTI Bannu), Pakistan
ET BHATTY Akhtar Saeed College of Pharmacy, Westwood Colony Canal Campus, Pakistan
A ILYAS Department of Pediatrics and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Kids Health Care Hospital Mailsi, Pakistan
S SHAHID Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Lahore, Pakistan
F ASIM Lecturer, Pharmacology & Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.902

Keywords:

Anti-Bacterial Agents, Antibiotic Resistance, Cross-Sectional Studies, Primary Health Care, Respiratory Tract Infections, Risk Factors

Abstract

Antibiotic resistance has emerged as one of the most significant public health challenges of the 21st century, posing serious threats to the effectiveness of treatments for infectious diseases. Objective: The main objective of this study is to identify antibiotic resistance patterns in primary healthcare settings. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Sehat Hospital Hyderabad from June 2022 to June 2023. Data were collected from 650 participants who sought medical care for bacterial infections and had been prescribed antibiotics in the primary healthcare setting. Participants who consented to the study and agreed to provide necessary samples for analysis were included. Demographic information, history, and clinical examinations were collected using systematically designed questionnaires and chart abstractions. Statistical analysis was performed using appropriate methods, with a p-value of <0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: Data were collected from 650 participants with a mean age of 38.09 ± 9.81 years. Of these, 52% were female and 48% were male. Respiratory infections were the most common, affecting 35% of participants. Recent antibiotic use was significantly associated with higher resistance rates, with 45% resistance in those who had used antibiotics recently compared to 20% in those who had not (p < 0.01). Participants aged 60 years and older exhibited a higher resistance rate of 35% compared to 20% in those under 60 years old (p < 0.05). Gender did not show a significant association with antibiotic resistance, with resistance rates of 25% in females and 27% in males (p = 0.65). Conclusion: Antibiotic resistance poses a significant threat in primary healthcare settings, with a high prevalence of resistant and multi-drug-resistant strains identified.

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