EFFECTIVENESS OF BACK MASSAGE & LAMAZE BREATHING ON LABOR OUTCOMES AMONG PRIMIGRAVIDA IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITALS, LAHORE PAKISTAN: A RANDOMIZED CONTROL TRIAL

T SHAHEEN; LG MUI; R NORDIN

doi:10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.879

Authors

T SHAHEEN Principal College of Nursing Rajanpur, Pakistan
LG MUI College of Nursing MAHSA University Malaysia.
R NORDIN Faculty of Medicine MAHSA University Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.879

Keywords:

Anxiety, Back massage, Lamaze breathing exercises, Labor pain, Non-pharmacological approaches

Abstract

Labor pain is the most severe pain that first-time pregnant women experience during pregnancy and childbirth. If labor pain and anxiety are not addressed, they can lead to abnormal labor. Although there are many complementary non-pharmacological approaches to coping with labor pain, the quality of evidence is low and the best approaches are not established. This study protocol describes a proposed investigation of the effects of Lamaze breathing exercises and back massage on the labor experiences of first-time pregnant women.

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