VAGINAL BLEEDING IN PREGNANCY AND ADVERSE CLINICAL OUTCOMES IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

F NIGAR; Z EJAZ; A HABIB; H BALOCH; A JAVED; . MARYAM

doi:10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.872

Authors

F NIGAR Department of Gynae and Obstetrics, JPMC, Karachi, Pakistan
Z EJAZ Department of Gynae and Obstetrics, Ejaz Sikandar Memorial Hospital, Kanganpur, District Kasur, Pakistan
A HABIB Department of Gynae and Obstetrics, Rehman Medical Institute/College, Peshawar, Pakistan
H BALOCH Department of Gynae and Obstetrics Lady Dufferin Hospital Quetta, Pakistan
A JAVED DPT and DOT, Ziauddin University of Rehabilitation Sciences Karachi, Pakistan
. MARYAM Department of Gynae and Obstetrics, Bahria International Hospital Phase 8 Rawalpindi, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.872

Keywords:

Vaginal bleeding, Pregnancy Complications, Adverse Clinical Outcomes, Obstetric Outcomes

Abstract

Vaginal bleeding during pregnancy poses significant concerns due to its association with adverse clinical outcomes. Optimising mother and fetal health requires an understanding of the connection between vaginal bleeding and unfavourable outcomes, particularly in tertiary care facilities where complicated cases are handled. Objective: The purpose of this retrospective cohort research was to look at the possible link between poor clinical outcomes in a tertiary care hospital and vaginal bleeding during pregnancy. Methods: In the study, 340 pregnant patients who were getting prenatal care at the tertiary care hospital and who were 18 years of age or older and whose gestational ages were within the viable range also presented with vaginal bleeding. Electronic medical records were used to gather information on demographics, obstetric history, prenatal treatment, ultrasound results, lab tests, delivery method, newborn outcomes, and mother problems. Multivariable logistic regression analysis, chi-square tests, and descriptive statistics were all used in the statistical study. Results: The distribution of parity (37.94% nulliparous, 28.82% primiparous, and 33.24% multiparous) and maternal comorbidities (18.24% diabetes, 10.88% thyroid issues, and 15.59% gestational diabetes) were among the noteworthy results. Delivery procedures were 52.94% vaginal births and 47.06% cesarean sections. The following complications were observed: postpartum haemorrhage (29.41%), placental abruption (20.59%), premature labour (26.47%), and maternal ICU hospitalisations (23.53%). Adverse outcomes, such as preterm delivery, low birth weight, neonatal illness, and perinatal death, were substantially linked (p < 0.05) with vaginal bleeding. Significant predictors were discovered by odds ratios, and they included maternal problems, delivery mode, placental position, type of vaginal bleeding, prior bad outcomes, gestational age at presentation, and trimester of presentation (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Vaginal bleeding during pregnancy is significantly associated with adverse clinical outcomes, including preterm birth and neonatal morbidity. Improving clinical management techniques and maximising pregnancy outcomes in tertiary care settings may be facilitated by understanding the determinants of these outcomes.

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