DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA FROM COVID-19 BY COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY

N PASHA; MN AKRAM; N WAQAR; K PASHA

doi:10.54112/bcsrj.v2023i1.513

Authors

N PASHA Department of Radiology, CH & ICH Multan, Pakistan
MN AKRAM Department of Radiology, Sahara Medical College Narowal, Pakistan
N WAQAR Department of Radiology, Town Hospital Rahimabad Multan, Pakistan
K PASHA Department of Radiology, Ghauri Diagnostics Multan, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54112/bcsrj.v2023i1.513

Keywords:

COVID-19, Community-Acquired Pneumonia, Computed Tomography

Abstract

The retrospective study was conducted on data collected from tertiary Care Hospitals from January 2020 to May 2021 to compare CT manifestations and clinical features of COVID-19 with CAP and evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of CT in patients with COVID-19 and CAP. The study included one hundred sixty patients with COVID-19 and 115 with CAP diagnosed during the same time. Clinical data and CT images of the participants were collected. Results showed that 134 (84.3%) patients in the COVID-19 group had ground glass opacities on CT scans. In the COVID-19 group, the typical early presentation was single or multiple small round lesions. 51 (31.8%) patients had small lesions, and 83 (51.8%) had large patches, areas of fusion, or density shadows with spots. In the CAP group, 69 (60%) patients had consolidation, and 45 (39.1%) had ground glass shadows. There was a significant difference in density between both groups (P <.001). Of observed imaging and clinical manifestations, ground glass shadows, number of leukocytes, and age factor are clinically significant in diagnosing COVID-19. In the CAP group, major characteristics were the thickening of the bronchial wall, accumulation of textures and fibrous cords, and consolidated lung lesions. In COVID-19, common imaging manifestations of GGO and consolidation. Clinically, a CT scan should be used along with history and examination for early and accurate diagnosis of COVID-19.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Carotti, M., Salaffi, F., Sarzi-Puttini, P., Agostini, A., Borgheresi, A., Minorati, D., Galli, M., Marotto, D., and Giovagnoni, A. (2020). Chest CT features of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia: key points for radiologists. La radiologia medica 125, 636-646.

Chen, N., Zhou, M., Dong, X., Qu, J., Gong, F., Han, Y., Qiu, Y., Wang, J., Liu, Y., and Wei, Y. (2020). Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. The lancet 395, 507-513.

Huang, C., Wang, Y., Li, X., Ren, L., Zhao, J., Hu, Y., Zhang, L., Fan, G., Xu, J., and Gu, X. (2020). Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. The lancet 395, 497-506.

Jiang, Y., Rubin, L., Peng, T., Liu, L., Xing, X., Lazarovici, P., and Zheng, W. (2022). Cytokine storm in COVID-19: from viral infection to immune responses, diagnosis and therapy. International journal of biological sciences 18, 459.

Li, X., Zeng, W., Li, X., Chen, H., Shi, L., Li, X., Xiang, H., Cao, Y., Chen, H., and Liu, C. (2020). CT imaging changes of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a multi-center study in Southwest China. Journal of translational medicine 18, 1-8.

Lin, C., Ding, Y., Xie, B., Sun, Z., Li, X., Chen, Z., and Niu, M. (2020). Asymptomatic novel coronavirus pneumonia patient outside Wuhan: the value of CT images in the course of the disease. Clinical imaging 63, 7-9.

Liu, K.-C., Xu, P., Lv, W.-F., Chen, L., Qiu, X.-H., Yao, J.-L., Gu, J.-F., Hu, B., and Wei, W. (2020a). Differential diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 from community-acquired-pneumonia by computed tomography scan and follow-up. Infectious diseases of poverty 9, 1-11.

Liu, K.-C., Xu, P., Lv, W.-F., Qiu, X.-H., Yao, J.-L., Gu, J.-F., and Wei, W. (2020b). CT manifestations of coronavirus disease-2019: a retrospective analysis of 73 cases by disease severity. European journal of radiology 126, 108941.

Shama, M., Mahmood, A., Mehmood, S., and Zhang, W. (2023). Pathological Effects of SARS-CoV-19 Associated With Hematological Abnormalities.

Tian, S., Hu, W., Niu, L., Liu, H., Xu, H., and Xiao, S.-Y. (2020). Pulmonary pathology of early-phase 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia in two patients with lung cancer. Journal of thoracic oncology 15, 700-704.

Wang, D., Hu, B., Hu, C., Zhu, F., Liu, X., Zhang, J., Wang, B., Xiang, H., Cheng, Z., and Xiong, Y. (2020). Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus–infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China. jama 323, 1061-1069.

Ye, Z., Zhang, Y., Wang, Y., Huang, Z., and Song, B. (2020). Chest CT manifestations of new coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a pictorial review. European radiology 30, 4381-4389.

Zhang, N., Wang, L., Deng, X., Liang, R., Su, M., He, C., Hu, L., Su, Y., Ren, J., and Yu, F. (2020). Recent advances in the detection of respiratory virus infection in humans. Journal of medical virology 92, 408-417.

Zhu, N., Zhang, D., Wang, W., Li, X., Yang, B., Song, J., Zhao, X., Huang, B., Shi, W., and Lu, R. (2020a). A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, 2019. New England journal of medicine 382, 727-733.

Zhu, Y., Gao, Z.-H., Liu, Y.-L., Xu, D.-Y., Guan, T.-M., Li, Z.-P., Kuang, J.-Y., Li, X.-M., Yang, Y.-Y., and Feng, S.-T. (2020b). Clinical and CT imaging features of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Journal of Infection 81, 147-178.