Frequency of Errors in Inhaler Technique among Patients Using Metered-Dose Inhalers (MDIs) in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Aziz Ur  Rehman; Shoaib  Akhtar

doi:10.54112/bcsrj.v6i6.1815

Authors

Aziz Ur Rehman Department of Pulmonology, Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
Shoaib Akhtar Department of Medicine, Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54112/bcsrj.v6i6.1815

Keywords:

Inhaler technique, metered-dose inhalers, errors, asthma, COPD

Abstract

Proper use of metered-dose inhalers (MDIs) is essential for optimal drug delivery and management of respiratory conditions such as asthma and COPD. However, incorrect inhaler technique remains a common issue, particularly among patients who do not use spacer devices. Identifying and addressing these errors is crucial to ensure therapeutic efficacy. Objective: This study aims to assess the frequency of errors in inhaler technique among patients using metered-dose inhalers (MDIs) without spacer devices in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Pulmonology, Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan, from November 30, 2020, to May 29, 2021. A total of 96 patients aged 15 to 65 years who used MDIs without spacers for more than three months were included. Patients with physical limitations, newly diagnosed cases, and those using spacers were excluded. Inhaler technique was assessed using a standardised checklist based on handling and inhalational errors, including steps such as shaking the inhaler, maintaining an upright posture, and proper breathing coordination. Results: The mean age of participants was 40.13 ± 7.77 years, with 59.4% males and 40.6% females. Errors in inhaler technique were observed in 39 (40.6%) patients. Handling errors were more common (22.9%) than inhalational errors (17.7%). Common errors included failure to exhale fully before inhalation (6.3%) and not holding breath for at least 10 seconds after inhalation (6.3%). Conclusion: The frequency of errors in inhaler technique among MDI users is high, emphasising the need for patient education and structured training programs to improve inhaler use and disease management outcomes.

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