ASSIGNMENT OF KNOWLEDGE, COMPLICATIONS, AND SELF ADMINISTRATION OF INSULIN AMONG DIABETIC PATIENTS

Abstract

Insulin self-administration is a cornerstone of diabetes management, yet many patients face challenges due to knowledge deficits and improper practices. Objective: This study assesses the knowledge, practices, and barriers related to insulin self-administration among diabetic patients attending a tertiary care clinic in Pakistan. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Johar Poly Clinic, Lahore, with 130 diabetic patients recruited using convenience sampling. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire assessing demographics, knowledge, practices, and complications related to insulin use. Descriptive and inferential analyses were performed using SPSS version 25.0.Results: The mean age of participants was 44.8 years, with 56.2% being female. Knowledge gaps were observed, with only 55.4% of participants understanding the rationale for site rotation to prevent lipodystrophy, and 53.1% knowing the correct injection angle. Practices were similarly suboptimal, with only 34.6% consistently performing handwashing and 35.4% regularly monitoring blood glucose. Complications such as lipodystrophy (46.9%) and insulin resistance (52.3%) were prevalent. Major barriers included psychological issues, lack of education, and socioeconomic constraints. Conclusion: Significant gaps in knowledge and practices of insulin self-administration exist among diabetic patients, leading to adverse outcomes. Tailored educational interventions and innovative approaches, such as technology-driven training, are urgently needed to improve patient adherence and reduce complications.