Evaluation of Causative Organisms in Surgical Site Infections

Palwasha Javed; Muhammad Hussain; Ghazala Rahim; . Anita; Maryam Sadiq; Laraib Zulfiqar

doi:10.54112/bcsrj.v6i6.2365

Authors

Palwasha Javed Department of General Surgery, Mardan Medical Complex, Mardan, Pakistan
Muhammad Hussain Department of General Surgery, Mardan Medical Complex, Mardan, Pakistan
Ghazala Rahim Department of General Surgery, Mardan Medical Complex, Mardan, Pakistan
. Anita Department of General Surgery, Mardan Medical Complex, Mardan, Pakistan
Maryam Sadiq Department of General Surgery, Mardan Medical Complex, Mardan, Pakistan
Laraib Zulfiqar Department of General Surgery, Mardan Medical Complex, Mardan, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54112/bcsrj.v6i6.2365

Keywords:

Surgical site infection, elective abdominal surgery, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, causative organisms.

Abstract

Surgical site infections are common postoperative complications that increase morbidity, hospital stay, and healthcare costs. Identification of causative organisms is essential for guiding appropriate antimicrobial therapy and infection-control practices. Objective: To determine the frequency of causative organisms in patients with surgical site infections after elective abdominal surgery. Methods: One hundred eighteen patients aged 18 to 70 years, of either gender, who developed surgical site infection within 30 days of elective abdominal surgery were included from 06-February-2025 to 06-May-2025 in the Department of Surgery, Mardan Medical Complex, Mardan. Diagnosis was based on visual inspection showing purulent drainage from the surgical site accompanied by redness, swelling, and warmth. Causative organisms such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella species, Proteus species, and Pseudomonas species were assessed. Data were analyzed using SPSS 25. Results: The mean age of 118 patients was 45.50±14.92 years, and the mean BMI was 25.14±2.05 kg/m². Males were 63 (53.4%). Escherichia coli was the most frequently isolated causative organism in 43 (36.4%) cases, followed by Staphylococcus aureus in 29 (24.6%) cases, Klebsiella in 25 (21.2%) cases, Proteus in 11 (9.3%) cases, and Pseudomonas in 10 (8.5%) cases. Conclusion: The most frequent causative organisms in patients with surgical site infections after elective abdominal surgery were Escherichia coli (36.4%), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (24.6%) and Klebsiella (21.2%).

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